Internet and World Wide Web
What is the Internet?
The Internet is a network of computers that allows anyone to access any information, connect people, and allows for communication across the world. The internet was invented by two people named Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn in 1974 while working for DARPA. The first use of the internet was when DARPA was researching a concept called internetting; where networks with standard interfaces connected by gateways. Originally the internet linked many different government technologies and agencies. In the 1980's, the internet expanded access to scientific and academic communities. By the end of the 1980's, it expanded to the public. Today the internet is now used all over the world allowing people to do many things. Our way of life and activities depend on the internet.
What is the World Wide Web?
The World Wide Web (www or the Web) is the world's instant information retrieval system for the Internet using hypertexts and hypermedia. The World Wide Web was developed in 1989 by Tim-Berners Lee. Lee developed the World Wide Web to standardize the communication between servers and clients; servers being the computers and clients being programs requesting information. Browsers allow users to view the requested information. In 1992, the Internet was made available to the world. Many companies (Microsoft, Apple, Google, etc.) jumped into the Internet browser business. Today, people use their smartphones to connect to the World Wide Web as an information gathering platform.
Internet and the World Wide Web
The Internet and World Wide Web are two platforms that work together to connect everyone in the world and allows for information to be instantly accessed. The World Wide Web cannot operate without the Internet. The World Wide Web is not the Internet. The Internet is needed to access the World Wide Web as both platforms are connected. The first website was created on August 6, 1991 called CERN. It was created by Tim-Berners Lee. The first website explained hypertext and how to create web pages. CERN is still online today. The web address (URL) is http://info.cern.ch/.
WiFi, Bluetooth, and Hedy Lamarr
Wi-Fi is a networking technology that uses radio waves to transfer data quickly over short distances. Wi-Fi originated in 1985, when the US Federal Communications Commission released bands - 900 megahertz (MHz), 2.4 gigahertz (GHz), and 5.8 GHz. Technology companies began building wireless networks but, the networks were fragmented because wireless networks lacked a standard. In 1997, 802.11 became the standard for wireless networking. In 1999, a group of major companies formed the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance to create and promote the new wireless standard. Originally, Wi-Fi was called "IEEE 802.11b Direct Sequence." WECA hired a marketing firm to come up with a catchy name; the result was Wi-Fi similar sounding to hi-fi (high-fidelity). It was brought to commercial use by Vic Hayes. Vic Hayes is considered the father of Wi-Fi. However, Hedy Lamarr could be considered the inventor of Wi-Fi.
Bluetooth is a technology standard that allows short-range wireless communication between electronic devices. The foundation of Bluetooth was first developed by Hedy Lamarr in 1941. In 1941, Lamarr, an American actress filed a patent for frequency-hopping technology, a precursor to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. In 1994, it was improved upon by Jaap Haartsan while working for Ericsson, a Swedish manufacturer of mobile phones. The goal was to free computers, phones, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) from using wires to transfer data. In 1996, the name Bluetooth was coined by Jim Kardach as a temporary code name. The symbol for Bluetooth comes from the runes (letters) for the viking named Harald I Bluetooth, a 10th century Danish king who unified Denmark and Norway. Hedy Lamarr could be considered the inventor of Bluetooth.
Hedy Lamarr, an American actress, was born in Austria to Jewish parents. At age 19, she emigrated to the United States in the lead up to World War II. She immediately caught the eye of a Hollywood director and became an actress. She became friends with Howard Hughes. Hughes provided Lamarr equipment to run her experiments in her trailer during breaks from acting. In 1941, Lamarr filed a patent for frequency-hopping technology, a precusor to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
REFERENCES:
The Internet, https://www.britannica.com/technology/Internet
World Wide Web, https://www.britannica.com/topic/World-Wide-Web
Internet vs World Wide Web, https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/47523993#:~:text=The%20world%20wide%20web%2C%20or,connect%20towns%20and%20cities%20together
Wi-Fi, https://www.britannica.com/technology/Wi-Fi
Bluetooth, https://www.britannica.com/technology/Bluetooth
Hedy Lamarr and Wi-Fi, https://www.forbes.com/sites/shivaunefield/2018/02/28/hedy-lamarr-the-incredible-mind-behind-secure-wi-fi-gps-bluetooth/?sh=6fb1039041b7
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